Snowfall events in the Cantabrian Mountains of northwestern Spain: WRF multiphysics ensemble assessment based on ground and multi-satellite observations
نویسندگان
چکیده
Snowfall in elevated areas of the mid-latitudes has a strong impact on infrastructure, freshwater availability, and climate system. The Cantabrian Mountains northwestern Iberian Peninsula are very vulnerable to change because their moderate altitudes, which limits snowfall. Monitoring snow events is essential for evaluation weather prediction models. However, measurement networks scarce mountainous have great uncertainties blizzards. In this study, multiphysics ensemble Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model was designed using three microphysics two planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes simulate nine snowfall during autumn winter 2021–2022. WRF validated several characteristics, such as liquid water equivalent, cover, depth. Liquid equivalent evaluated snow-gauge satellite products an assessment cover. addition, monitoring network webcams poles implemented, improving low density observations mountains. results showed good performance detection cover slight overestimation thickness, may been caused by under-catchment that generally effect wind systems compaction, respectively. Morrison Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN PBL) yielded better at higher altitudes output greater help determine best configurations modelling study area develop future studies spatiotemporal patterns distribution.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Atmospheric Research
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1873-2895', '0169-8095']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2023.106719